Why Do World Leaders Meet at the UN?

Nearly 130 heads of state and government are expected in New York for the United Nations General Assembly's High-level Week. The General Debate runs from September 22 to 28. Leaders explain priorities to a global audience.

The UN has 193 member states, and each one has a vote in the General Assembly. That gives small countries a chance to speak with large powers. Leaders are expected to discuss wars, climate action, trade and artificial intelligence. These problems cross borders, so one country cannot always manage them alone.

Still, the UN is not a world government. The General Assembly can make recommendations, but it usually cannot force countries to follow them. The Security Council has stronger power over peace and security. Its five permanent members can use a veto to block a decision.

The speeches are only part of the week. Leaders and diplomats also hold bilateral meetings, meaning meetings between two countries. They may disagree in public but still need to discuss aid, security or trade. A meeting cannot promise peace. It can keep communication open when agreement is difficult.